| Multiple Sclerosis and Depression
Though rare in India, multiple sclerosis is the commonest demyelinating disorder. Depression is as common as euphoria in multiple sclerosis.
The depression is seen in the earlier stages while euphoria is more typical of the later stages. The frequency of depression is from 6 to 27%.
In majority of instances the depression is reactive due to the psychosocial stress as a result of disability Sphincter disturbances, impotency, ataxia, visual disturbances and increasingly dependency are the most distressing reasons.
The depression can be severe and suicide is 14 times commoner than in the general population.
Inspite of cheerful outward appearances many euphoric patients report feeling miserable and depressed.
Some amount of emotional liability and rapid changes of mood are often present. Intellectual impairment often accompanies these changes.
Recommended Reading
- Dementia, A Clinical approach J M S Pearce
1984. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford.
- Neurobehavioral Disorders. Richard L Strub and
F, William Black, 1988. (F.A.Davis & Co) Jaypee Bros. New Delhi.
- Organic Psychiatry. Wiliam Alwyn Lish man 1987.
Oxford Univ. Press Delhi.
- Synopsis of Psychiatry Harold Kaplan and
Benjamin Sadock 1988. William & Wilkins Baltimore MD
- Psychopharmoacology of Epilepsy, 1985, (Ed.,)
Michael Trimble, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester
- Clinical use of anticonvulsants in Psychiatric
disorders,1989. Robert Post, Michael Trimble, C E Peppinger, Demos
Publications, New York.
- Mood changes after right-hemisphere lesions,
Sergio Starkstein, et al., Brit. J. of Psychiatry. 1989; 115: 77-85.
- Lateralization of Dementia of Depression in
stroke patients Karen Bolla Wils et al Amer J of Psyciatry 1989; 154 :
170 187.
- Neuroanatomical studies of major affective
disorders. Dilip V Jeste et al Brit J of Psychiatry 1988; 153 444-459.
- Affective Disorders and Cerebral Vascular
Discase Sergio Starkstein and Robert G Robinson Brit J of Pshychaitry
1989;154, 170-187.
- Overview of Depression and Psychosis in
Alzhemier's Disease, Robin E Wragg and Dilip V Jest Amer, J of
Psychiatry 1989; 146, 577- 587.
- Dementia and Parkinson's Disease W R G Gibb, 1989 Brit J of Psychaitry 1989 154; 598-614.
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